Short answer: Scrap is sorted by metal, loaded into a furnace suited to that metal, such as an electric arc furnace for steel, a foundry furnace for cast iron or a remelt furnace for aluminium, heated until it melts, treated to remove impurities and then poured into moulds or cast into ingots, billets or slabs for use in manufacturing, so the quality of the scrap going in largely decides the quality and cost of what comes out.
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Scrap is sorted by metal and charged into the furnace in measured amounts to get the right mix.
Melt and refine
The furnace melts the metal, and operators remove impurities and adjust the chemistry to meet the specification.
Cast
The molten metal is poured into forms, which become the feedstock for rolling, extruding or casting into products.
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